Permaculture †A Sustainable Future Essays -- Environment Environmenta

The term â€Å"permaculture† was coined in 1978 by Bill Mollison, an Australian ecologist, with one of his students, David Holmgren. It is a contraction of â€Å"permanent agriculture† and also â€Å"permanent culture.† Permaculture is a relatively broad term subject to interpretation, but generally it is a design system for creating sustainable human environments. The aim is to create systems that are ecologically sound and economically feasible, which do not damage or pollute and are therefore sustainable in the long term. It is based on the careful observation of natural ecosystems, the value of traditional farming practices, and modern scientific and technological knowledge (Mollison, 1991). The basic philosophy of permaculture is a philosophy of working with, rather than against nature, of thoughtful observation rather than thoughtless labor, and of understanding the multiple functions of plants and animals, instead of treating them as single-product systems. Permaculture presents an alternative to trying to make the environment yield to our brute strength and blows. Bill Mollison, in his book Introduction to Permaculture, asserts that â€Å"if we attack nature we attack (and ultimately destroy) ourselves†(Mollison, 1991). Mollison, 1991, also states that harmony with nature is only possible if humans can discard the notion that we are superior to the natural world. He states, â€Å"We are not superior to other life-forms; all living things are an expression of Life. If we could see that truth, we would see that everything we do to other life-forms we also do to ourselves. A culture which understands this does not, without absolute necessity, destroy any living thing.† Permaculture in its design recognizes th... ...ibliography Christensen, Bill. â€Å"Harvested Rainwater,† Nov. 2002, http://www.greenbuilder.com/sourcebook/. Fry, Kirby, and Inger Meyer. â€Å"A Photographic Tour of Cross Timbers,† 1994, http://csf.colorado.edu/perma/ctpi/images/tour.html. Harland, Maddy. â€Å"Permaculture Design Bites.† May, 2002. http://www.permaculture.co.uk/info/what.html Holmgren, David. http://www.thefarm.org/permaculture/ Leisure Coast Permaculture Visions. â€Å"What’s the Difference Between Organic Gardening and Permaculture,† July, 2001. Mollison, Bill. Introduction to Permaculture. Tagari Publications, Tagari Australia: 1991. Wasser, Katherine. â€Å"About Permaculture: A Brief Introduction.† Tucson Food Co-op News, August 1994. http://members.ozemail.com.au/~askpv/organic-perma.htm. http://www.permaculture-hawaii.com/intern.html http://www.permaearth.org/

Facts About Orthoptera :: essays research papers

Facts about Orthoptera Where they live.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Field crickets, the familiar black or brownish crickets are often abundant in meadows and fields. Also in dwellings or in small clusters in the ground. Tree Crickets are more often heard then seen. Usually colored green these slender crickets live in shrubs and trees. Mole Crickets can burrow rapidly through moist soil. They also can live in caves, hollow logs, beneath stones, and other dark moist places. Grasshoppers are also part of this group. They often become very abundant, and migrate in tremendous swarms. Destroying nearly all plants in their path. They like to live in wet grassy areas. Locust also contribute to Orthoptera. Locust plagues have been recorded since the beginning of history and are still one of the worlds major insect problems. Cockroaches are in this group too. Their are an estimated 3,000 cockroach species in the world. About 55 live in the U.S., and only 4 species ar common household pets. German cockroaches or Croton bugs, are common in the U.S. especially in the northern states. They commonly enter the house in bags or boxes from grocery stores. They tend to cluster in warm moist places around hot water pipes. They stay hidden when they are not eating. Eat   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Crickets will eat holes in paper or in garments especially those soiled with persperation. They also eat young roots and seedlings, peanuts, garden crops, grain, clothing, and sometimes other insects and even each other. Grasshoppers are a different story. They eat crops and destroy millions of dollars a year in them. Cockroaches are just a pest and they eat almost any thing. Cockroaches feed on a great variety of foods, meats, cheeses, sweets, and starches(like the starch in clothing or in the glue like that in book bindings, and stamps.). When abundant they may also eat human hair, skin and nails. They secrete sticky, odorous fluid that may be lift on foods or materials. Movement   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cockroaches move very swiftly. They have 6 legs with 3 joints, as muscles contract at the base of the body the legs move. This motion causes a roach to lurch forward in rapid motion. Crickets have wings so they may fly. The movement of the crickets aren't the same as the grasshopper's. The grasshopper is an insect that can leap about 20 times the length of its body. If a human being had the same leaping ability as the grasshopper they could jump at least 20 feet. Helpful things they do.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Russia roaches have been regarded as an antidote for dropsy. Also in Southeast Asia, and China the bits of meat plucked from around the legs of

Language Learning Strategies Essay

Japanese designed site meant for starters in English language. In it are so many great links that are not only useful but also interesting to kids and other ESL learners. The reason for making it interesting is that kids may get bored if the material is not appealing to them. This site is maintained by TESL, the internet journal and the input is from teachers across the globe. This gives a lot of credibility to the site. Several books also have information meant for ESL learners and teachers. One of them is Oxford’s (1990) Language Learning Strategies outlines what a teacher should know in his/her quest to make learners be competent in English as a second language. It gives all the strategies, their pros and cons, the appropriate level of learners’ cognitive abilities that are in tandem with each strategy and the methods of evaluation of the learners’ understanding after a new concept is initiated. The book cannot be said to fully cover all the participants in the learning environment. Teachers and what they should know have been heavily outlined but the learner has been considerably left out. The ESL competence of the learner will by and large depend on what the teacher has to offer and not what the learner can do to improve his/her ESL competence. Mayer, in Weinstein (1988), Learning and Study Strategies: Issues in Assessment, Instruction and Evaluation tackles issues pertinent to holistic ESL learning namely assessing, instruction and evaluation. The learner needs to be instructed, assessed and evaluated on the much that a teacher has taught him/her. The book is therefore a masterpiece in enabling a well structured acquisition of ESL competence by a learner. The focus here is on the learner and has he teacher as guide, an assessor and evaluator of the progress the learner has made after a given time. The kindergarten kids have been catered for those teaching them will gain the skills to lead them in becoming competent. Elly (`1991), in his book Acquiring Literacy in a Second Language maintains that other than using structured audio-lingual programs , children should be exposed to a variety of story books and motivated to read and share what they get with other children. This way, they are able to acquire the second language easily. Their grasping of vocabularies becomes easy since they find them in the books they read as opposed to teaching them vocabularies non-contextually. The implication in Elly’s book is that practical as opposed to theoretical approach to ESL teaching and learning should be adopted. In terms therefore it content value, this book is invaluable. Boyle and Suzanne (1990) in Literary Scaffolds outline the strategies for firs and second language leaders and writers. It provides scaffolding activities which enhance successful intercourse with the print works and shows children how to read and write. Scaffolding is discussed and how it enhances writing and reading. Teachers and students of ESL can find invaluable information in this book. Genishi (1989) in Observing the Second Language Learner: An example of Teachers Learning illustrates how a kindergarten teacher recorded her observation of some ESL learners thus making critical points on effective language teaching and learning. She observed, according to this book, that each learner followed his/her own timetable and a unique path in learning a second language. It also states that it is important to enhance the activities and situations that provide an opportunity of talking by learners. Lastly, it emphasizes the central part the teacher plays in the language learning environment. This way, they are able to practice what they already know via exchanging with others. This book borrows from the Psychological aspect of behavioral learning whereby children learn from the environment and thus cutting a niche in being one of the best books for use by both teachers and college or University students learning or preparing to teach ESL. In conclusion, the books used are generally relevant based on their individual assistance to learners and teachers of ESL although they most of them are a decade old. The sites too provide the necessary information for those teachers of ESL wishing to help kindergarten kids acquire ESL competence. Students of ESL in colleges and Universities will find these sites vital. References Starters in English language, (2005), available at http://www. aitech. ac. jp/~iteslj/ESL. html: retrieved on 12 Feb 2009. Strategies for learning English as a second language, (2007), available at theenglishweb. com, retrieved on 13 Feb 2009. English as a second language, (2008), available at http://cla. univ-fcomte. fr/english/index_s. htm: retrieved on 14 Feb 2009. ESL for Kindergarten kids, (2006), available at http://home. earthlink. net/~mediadesigns/Calendar. html, retrieved on 12 Feb 2009 ESL teaching strategies, (2007), available at http://iteslj. org/Articles/Lessard-Clouston-Strategy. html retrieved on 10 Feb 2009. Oxford, R. (1990): Language Learning Strategies. New York, Newbury House Mayer, R. (1988): Learning Strategies: An Overview, in Weinstein, C et. al (Eds. ) New York, Academic Press. Genishi, C. (1989) Observing the Second Language Learner: An Example of Teacher’s Learning New York, Prentice Hall Elly, W. B (1991): Acquiring Literacy in a Second Language, Baltimore. Collins Publishers Boyle, O. F & Suzanne, F. P. (1990): Literacy Scaffolds† Strategies for First and Second Language Readers and Writers. New York, McGraw Hill

Final study guide peds

Monitor & Co's for balance, Dally weights most Important. Nutrition fluids/delete/internal (gut) feedings/TIP. Medications admit protocol, path, meds dioxin *ion chromo, toxicity =n/v, halo, labs 0. 5-Eng, apical HER. Watch K+ levels(3. 5-5. 5) don't give if hypo because ? Diuretics, morphine Protocols for giving meds to children know weight, give parents s/s side effects, don't regime meds if child thru it up because you don't know how much they got, parents need to know the dos/don't of medications.Don't tell them Its candy. Always start off with your first action being nursing. Example position before 02. Respiratory-remember everything is smaller Nose breathers till 6 weeks(? ) NSA assessment D, nose flaring, grunting, nasal flaring, anxiety (restlessness fidgety or listlessness), tachyon, sweating, BAG, 02 stats.. Interventions position increase head of bed, suction, 02, medication, do in that order. Care of tracheotomy. Know NC, blow by, mask. .NET, et as far as 02 methods. Nur sing care management Pre-pop Postoperative Care Positioning -prone with head turned to the side Careful suctioning, only if necessary NO coughing, clearing throat, blowing nose Inspect all vomits for s/s fresh bleeding Pain management Entitlement as needed Cool water, ice pops no red or brown colored liquids C] No milk or ice cream Neuron Always a change in LOC is right unless it's already In the question. Especially with ICP. Know fontanels.For MS focus on the word document on EBB Corollary Increase In growth hormone after bones have closed C.V.- cardiac defects cyanic ?hyperemia & agnostic= not as severe hyperemia as cyanic pale TWOFOLD, AAA, AS, AURA SODA atrium VOSS ventricle construes aorta PDA closure DAD HP For all of this know top 3 AND, measles, BBC, nursing and perfusion(C)) positioning semi or high fowlers, decrease HOB if in shock or if crease BP to get blood back to the heart. Monitor I & Co's for balance, Daily weights most important.

Ambedkar Open University (BAOU) Essay

Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Open University (BAOU), Ahmedabad was established in 1994 by the Gujarat State Legislature. It is the seventh Open University in the country in terms of their establishment. The University offers 72 programs with an enrolment of more than 1, 00,000 learners. The University has established regional centre on the campus of South Gujarat University, Rajkot and has initiated the process of another establishing regional centre on the campus of North Gujarat University, Patan. It has jurisdiction over the whole state of Gujarat. The main objectives of the university are to advance and disseminate learning and knowledge by a diversity of means, including use of any communication technology and to provide opportunities for higher education to a large segment of the population. The university encourages the Open University and distance education system in the educational pattern of the State. The university is open to all persons irrespective of classes, castes, creed or religion. Education is an important situation all over the world, and is maybe one of the most forgotten topics in the underdeveloped countries. This is the main reason why they don’t contribute to the progress of their own countries. Education is a human right, and as a fundamental right it is the responsibility of governments to provide it. The most important thing is that education influences human development, economic growth and the fundamental requirement for democracy. It is important in a country to invest a big part of the profits in education, because in many countries, governments prefer to invest in weapons without thinking that they should give another direction to the resources from the military where war and win are the most important thing. The government is blind, and they want to see first in the outside than in the inside, when there are more important things to fulfill like basic needs including food, clothing and shelter. Another important reason why it is necessary to invest in education is because children are being prepared to be poor laborers, just as the people years ago. Instead of preparing them for the future, they have been sent to the past with obsolete laws. There is a big necessity for programs that can teach the responsible use of resources, because without the right knowledge these people without education could be wasting a lot of resources and at the same time could be contributing to an unsustainable development. When speaking of development, the role of women is important in these processes, because in the countries  with the highest levels of human development it is declared that they offer equal opportunities and gender equity in their societies. It means that women can reach high positions, and they can do many of the things that were restricted to them a few years ago. When people see†¦

Workplace Discrimination Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Workplace Discrimination - Assignment Example According to Aronsom, racial discrimination comes from the word â€Å"race† that implies one takes advantage owing to their own prejudice or stereotype of their supremacy. In taking advantage; they may harm the person from a different race in various ways. Many conclude this discrimination in the words â€Å"The fight between blacks and whites† – excluding the brown race. This may be a result of some negative past experiences or some stereotypes formed from the beginning. Many strongly belief it is due to lack of education that adds to this problem of Racial Discrimination. This Racial Discrimination can be seen all around the society; streets, schools, colleges, public places and professional organizations. Fryer states that racial Discrimination at workplace is a problem that is growing over the time span; it not only creates problems within the organization but poses hazard to governments and other stakeholders of that organization. Racial discrimination is seen as a reason for the collapse of many organizations and it stands out today as a major problem owing to which many theories and strategies have been adopted by many organizations to prevent them from the turmoil of racism. As a result, the committee on the elimination of racial discrimination has laid great emphasis on the topic.... In order for such motivation to take place, it is crucial to avoid conflicts, especially racial conflicts as these once ignited, are difficult to stop. Such was the case in the recent riots of United Kingdom (2011). If we are to follow the process of efficiency for corporate entities, motivation is the key element that will lead to success as stated by the above figures who have each given out a different theory for motivation of workers (example: F.W Taylor’s Piece rate policy) (Stimpson, 2010) Racial Discrimination acts as a hindrance for many employees to be motivated and work efficiently; this racial discrimination has its roots either through past experiences or certain stereotypes inbuilt since a long time. Hindrance in work can jeopardize the whole operation of a corporation. It can start off with very minuet exposure and result in violence and chaos for the world to see (example 2011 UK riots) (Regrosa, 2011). There are various ways in which racial discrimination can t ake place at organizations; it can start off from the phase when an employee has not even secured a job with the company. Discrimination on basis of ethnicity or race during interviews is a common problem in many workplaces, therefore, with racial discriminatory Human Resource personnels; inefficiency in the â€Å"hiring process† should be no surprise. In fact some journals go to the extent of verifying that fact that African-Americans (blacks) at times have to work harder for the same job when competing with whites in the United States of America (Mottley, 1993). Asking a black person tougher questions, trying to embarrass a black, putting behind tougher situations or degrading a black while a professional

What roles does the accountant play in business of present economy Research Paper

What roles does the accountant play in business of present economy - Research Paper Example Like other key professionals, accountants operate in volatile environments in the business world, where informational changes strike with catastrophic shocks that often times result in the collapse of business ventures. The challenge before an accountant is but to ensure informational flows, covering every undertaking within the organization in efforts towards warding off unaccounted for actions that may overstretch organizational budget beyond the available resources. This paper explores the nexus between the accountant and the economic well-being of the present economy with reference to their operational roles within the entrepreneurial undertakings. The role of accountants seems to be at the epicenter of business objectives; for these professional deals with figures of facts used in clarifying decisional options crucial in initiating projects as well as monitoring them in the subsequent stages with the sole aim of enhancing efficiency, and so the performance and the general well-being of a business enterprise and the economy at large (Lev 4-6). The connection between accounting and the economic health of a nation is but fairly implicit. Though difficult to define, â€Å"economic development,† a term which basically defines the standard of life within a given country, generally involves how the available inputs are used efficiently in the productive processes within a given economy. The relations of accountancy to economic development should, thus, be understood in terms of the measurement processes and techniques that the latter lend to the former in a nation’s continuous endeavors to ensure that people’s l ives are better off with regards production efficiency [which includes both quantity and quality of commodities available within the boundaries of an economy]. As noted by NPC in their analysis of the role of accountants, these